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The Heart of the Forest: Extraordinary Volunteers in the Lumber Heritage Featuring Larry Bussard

The Heart of the Forest: Extraordinary Volunteers in the Lumber Heritage Featuring Larry Bussard Larry Bussard was born and raised in Smicksburg, Pennsylvania, across the street from his current residence on Route 954. Larry spent over 40 years living and working outside the area, but the pull of home never left him. In 2012, Larry and his wife Stella returned to Smicksburg—the place he still proudly calls home. With deep roots in the community and a passion for woodworking and local history, Larry quickly became a vital part of the Smicksburg Heritage Center and a standout volunteer within the Lumber Heritage Region. When the Lumber Heritage Region (LHR) set out to develop the Lumber Heritage Trail, we needed a location that could represent northern Indiana County. Smicksburg, with its rich history and community pride, stood out. Executive Director Holly Komonczi and Project Manager Steve Manginell made the trip to explore options. Like any good small-town introduction, it started at Country Junction—the town’s only real restaurant. Holly turned to the waitress and asked, “Who do I talk to about the Heritage Center?” Without missing a beat, she replied, “Come with me.” She led us over to a table and introduced us to Larry Bussard and his wife Stella. That moment kicked off a relationship that continues to grow. Larry is one of those rare people who will talk to anyone. Whether you're a tourist or a lifelong local, he will greet you with the same warmth and openness. That comes from his father, Paul Bussard, who taught him that every person has a story worth hearing. It's a value Larry carries with him in everything he does—and it makes him the kind of volunteer every community wishes they had. Though Larry lived away from Smicksburg for decades, he returned because, as he simply puts it, “It was home.” Since then, he has poured his time and talent into the Heritage Center. Using a scroll saw, Larry handcrafts beautiful and functional items like candle boxes, earrings, magnets, and more—all of which are sold in the Heritage Center’s gift shop. Each piece reflects the spirit of the region: practical, personal, and proudly made by hand. Smicksburg’s heritage includes innovation as well as tradition—like John B. McCormick, a local inventor who developed the mix-flow water turbine to solve the challenge of inconsistent water flow across the seasons. It’s this blend of creativity, resilience, and deep connection to place that defines the community—and volunteers like Larry. Larry Bussard’s quiet leadership, craftsmanship, and deep hometown pride are at the heart of what the Lumber Heritage Region represents. He helps keep the past alive not just in stories or artifacts, but in the welcoming spirit he extends to everyone who walks through Smicksburg.

AREA AGRICULTURE TEACHER COMPLETES A STATEWIDE MISSION TO HEIGHTEN AWARENESS OF FOREST HEALTH

Danville resident Van Wagner has achieved something unprecedented. The agricultural science teacher, arborist, forester and folk artist recently completed a mission to climb the highest tree on the highest mountain in each of the Commonwealth’s 67 counties to bring awareness to our state’s working forests—forestlands that are sustainably managed to provide a renewable supply of materials for wood products. What started out as a personal challenge in January 2023 transformed into a mission that elevated forest education throughout the state. His journey began in Montour County when he climbed the tallest tree at the highest point on Montour Ridge—a mountain where he was born and raised and currently resides with his wife, Tamara. Following the climb, it occurred to him that no one had likely ever done this before. “From there I thought about what a great challenge it would be to do the same thing in every county in Pennsylvania,” says Wagner. “I wanted my efforts to put the focus on Pennsylvania’s trees and forests.” And that it did. His mission captured the attention of hundreds of media outlets including the Philadelphia Inquirer. “Our forests are treasures that need to be celebrated,” says Wagner, “But they also need to be managed. All Pennsylvanians play a role in this conversation about how best to manage our forests.” As the only state in the nation named for its forest, Pennsylvania is the number one producer and exporter of hardwoods. The state’s forest products industry represents the largest sector of agriculture as it has a $39 billion economic impact on the Commonwealth’s economy. The industry also employs over 60,000 Pennsylvanians. Despite the sector’s profound impact, sometimes the industry receives a bad rap. “For some, the concept of working forests is difficult to understand,” says Stephanie Phillips-Taggart, executive director of Keystone Wood Products Association, a non-profit hardwood utilization group. “Often times people view harvesting in ill light, but when it is done sustainably, it actually increases forest health.” She explained that the industry has advanced since the clear-cut days of the 1900’s. “So much has changed, but one thing remains the same. Trees do not live forever. One of two things happen—a tree can be harvested, or it can be left to die and decay in the woods, which releases stored carbon back into the air,” says Phillips-Taggart. “If a tree is harvested and transformed into a beautiful wood product, the product stores the carbon for its life.” According to Phillips-Taggart, harvesting trees decreases competition for soil nutrients and opens up the forest canopy, which offers smaller trees more sunlight. This allows younger trees—which are more efficient at sequestering carbon—an opportunity to thrive. “Forests with diverse age classes are better able to withstand disease and pest outbreaks,” she added. “Increased forest health improves carbon sequestration and storage—ultimately helping our environment.” According to experts, wood products also use lower amounts of energy to produce. “Working forest are a win,” says Phillips-Taggart. “When a tree is harvested every part of it is used.” She noted that sawdust can serve as animal bedding or to produce heating pellets. Slash—treetops-- act as natural fencing to deter deer from browsing on seedlings. Small logs can be used for pulp for paper and packaging. Low- and high-grade lumber can be transformed into durable and healthy wood products. Marc Lewis, co-owner of Dwight Lewis Lumber Products, Hillsgrove, PA believes Wagner’s efforts help share this message. “Van’s journey helped bring awareness to the benefits of working forests,” says Lewis who accompanied Van on numerous climbs along with his dog Sylva. “His journey has been amazing to watch. I admire his dedication to the forest products industry.” Wagner’s journey was not an easy one. He braved rough terrain, subzero temperatures, heatwaves, high winds and even moments that made his heart stop. He recounted a laughable encounter with a briar bush. “I climbed on a commercial property that was loud due to well activity. Upon entering the area, I had been warned about the resident rattlesnakes,” explained Wagner. “As I started my climb, I bent down into a briar bush, but my first thought was that it was a rattlesnake.” Each location created memories for the 48-year-old. The highlight may have been his climb at Blue Knob State Park, when the Department of Agriculture Secretary Russell Redding strapped on climbing gear to join Wagner in his efforts to elevate the forest products industry. “It was an honor. Secretary Redding did fantastic,” says Wagner, “Climbing takes a lot of strength and he breezed through the climb.” To make these moments possible, Wagner first meticulously plotted the state’s highest points and gained permission to climb lands owned by a variety of entities—including landowners. “Many of the trees were on private lands,” says Wagner. “Can you believe not one landowner denied me access? That speaks volumes for Pennsylvanians.” Wagner’s family, including his wife and their sons Luke and Calvin supported him along the way. In addition to Lewis, Wagner’s college friend, Bryan Pearson also joined him on a number of climbs. His last climb fittingly ended at Mt. Davis, the highest point in the state. He was joined by Lewis, Pearson, the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) State Forester, Seth Cassell and DCNR Assistant State Forester, Matt Keefer and Phillips-Taggart, among others. His journey concluded in a Big Toothed Aspen tree—a tie between the Eastern Hemlock and the Black Gum tree. He dedicated the climb to a man who escaped enslavement in the south and made a living from the surrounding forest by making tar in the 1800’s. “His name is lost to history, but his story will always be remembered,” say Wagner. Wagner’s journey will too be remembered as an important part of forest history. Wagner concluded, "It is my hope that my climbing efforts have inspired people to get involved with forestry in our state. “ Wagner was recently named the solo artist from the PA Central Pennsylvania Music Hall of Fame and the 2025 Penn State University’s Ecosystem Management’s Outstanding Alumni. Source: The Grain, Keystone Wood Products Association, April Issue

The Heart of the Forest: Randy Flament Capturing the Elusiveness of Eastern Golden Eagles

Nestled within the wilderness of Cameron County, Pennsylvania, a dedicated conservationist and photographer has spent years advocating for one of North America’s most elusive raptors—the Eastern Golden Eagle. Randy Flament, originally from Monongahela, Pennsylvania, found his calling in the forests of the Lumber Heritage Region, where his passion for wildlife, photography, and conservation has made a lasting impact. A Life Rooted in Nature Flament’s journey into conservation and bird advocacy began with his love for the Pennsylvania wilderness. Moving to Cameron County at the age of 20, he worked for Mallery Lumber (now Emporium Hardwoods) while immersing himself in the experiences of the region’s rich natural beauty. His initial fascination with elk photography became a gateway to photographing a wide variety of wildlife, particularly birds of prey. Visits to the Allegheny Front Hawkwatch with his parents introduced him to a network of raptor enthusiasts and researchers, sparking his deep interest in the Eastern Golden Eagle. The Eastern Golden Eagle Unlike the better-known Golden Eagles of the western U.S., the Eastern Golden Eagle remained largely unstudied before the early 2000s. These powerful birds, boasting an impressive nearly 8-foot wingspan, rely on the updrafts created by Pennsylvania’s Appalachian and Allegheny Ridges to aid in their migration. These same winds have guided them for thousands of years from their northern breeding grounds in Quebec, Canada, down through the heavily forested landscapes of Pennsylvania and even as far south as Alabama. Each year, Eastern Golden Eagles embark on a remarkable migration from their breeding grounds in northeastern Canada, including regions like Quebec and Labrador, to escape the harsh northern winters. They journey southward along the Appalachian Mountains, seeking milder climates and reliable food sources. Pennsylvania's forested ridges provide essential habitats during these winter months, offering both sustenance and shelter. However, their true home lies in the remote northern wilderness, where they nest on rugged cliffs and towering trees, raising their young in the vast boreal forests. During the summer months they hunt, relying on their keen eyesight and powerful flight to survive in one of North America's most challenging environments. While their western counterparts feed almost exclusively on mammals, Eastern Golden Eagles tend to feed more heavily on avian prey like waterfowl. Once autumn arrives, these resilient raptors begin their long journey south once again, following the same ancient pathways their ancestors have used for centuries. Advancing Research and Conservation Today, thanks to projects like the Appalachian Golden Eagle Project, researchers have gained critical insight into the migration patterns and behaviors of these magnificent birds. Flament has contributed to this effort, volunteering his time, property, and photographic expertise to aid scientific studies. His images have contributed to conservation plans, including those of the Eastern Golden Eagle Working Group (EGEWG). The research on Eastern Golden Eagles has helped inform land-use decisions, particularly regarding the placement of wind turbines. As renewable energy projects expand, researchers use extensive tracking data to provide detailed information to land stewards. The goal is to ensure that wind farms are strategically placed to minimize interference with crucial migratory routes. Tracking Eagles: Cutting-Edge Research and Data Collection A deeper understanding of Eastern Golden Eagles has been made possible through innovative research led by experts such as Dr. Todd Katzner and Dr. Trish Miller. These researchers, along with a dedicated team of conservationists, have utilized advanced telemetry tracking to monitor eagle migration patterns. Golden Eagles are fitted with GPS transmitters, which relay data via cell towers. These transmitters provide extensive information on flight altitude, speed, and location, allowing scientists to study the eagles’ movements with remarkable accuracy. The data not only helps pinpoint migration corridors but also identifies key stopover sites—temporary resting and feeding areas essential for their survival. By leveraging this technology, researchers can advocate for habitat conservation, influence policy, and mitigate risks posed by human activities, including wind energy development. Addressing Lead Poisoning: A Silent Threat One of the greatest threats to Golden Eagles and other raptors is lead poisoning. These birds often scavenge remains left by hunters, including gut piles from field-dressed deer, unknowingly ingesting toxic fragments from lead-based ammunition. Even a lead particle the size of a grain of rice can be fatal to a Golden Eagle. Conservationists, including Flament, advocate for the use of copper ammunition as a safer alternative, aiming to protect not just eagles but the entire ecosystem. The Power of Citizen Science Flament encourages others to get involved in conservation through citizen science initiatives. Whether through bird counts, data collection, or simply fostering awareness, he believes that everyday people play a crucial role in protecting wildlife. He emphasizes that the health of the environment reflects human well-being, and that preserving nature is a responsibility we owe to future generations. To find a Hawk Watch site, visit https://hawkcount.org/sitesel.php A Lasting Legacy For Flament, conservation is about more than just studying wildlife—it’s about understanding humanity’s place in the natural world. Through his advocacy, photography, and dedication to the Eastern Golden Eagle, he continues to inspire others to appreciate and protect the delicate balance of nature. The work of Flament and other conservationists highlights the intricate connections between land, wildlife, and humanity.

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The Heart of the Forest: Extraordinary Volunteers in the Lumber Heritage Featuring Larry Bussard

AREA AGRICULTURE TEACHER COMPLETES A STATEWIDE MISSION TO HEIGHTEN AWARENESS OF FOREST HEALTH

The Heart of the Forest: Randy Flament Capturing the Elusiveness of Eastern Golden Eagles

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